据财经调研机构SmartAsset公布最新的指标,在芝加哥,如果你的年收入在4.5万美元至13.3万美元之间就算中产阶级。在伊利诺伊州,年收入4.8万至$14.4万之间算中产阶级。
纽约、洛杉矶、芝加哥、休斯顿这四大城市的中产阶级收入的范围差别不大,与全美中产范围(3万-9万美元)相差也不算很大。
不过,硅谷所在地的加州湾区,年薪不到8万美元不算中产,年薪31万还是中产。
中产阶级的年收入界定也会因为庭成员数量、不同城市的消费水平而出现变化。
SmartAsset公布“2023全美大城市中产阶级收入”研究报告
SmartAsset对全美100个大城市、全美50州的中产阶级最新收入资料进行了统计分析,并公布“2023全美大城市中产阶级收入”研究报告。这项调研援引2021美国人口普查局的“美国社区调研报告”的资料,使用皮尤研究中心(PEW Resarch)对中产阶级的定义,即美国居民年薪中位数的67%到200%。
全美四大城市
中产水平相差不大
根据该报告,纽约、洛杉矶、芝加哥、休斯顿这四大城市的中产阶级收入水平相差不大。
美国四大城市中产阶级收入范围如下:
纽约市:$45,558 - $135,994
洛杉矶:$47,149 - $140,744
芝加哥:$44,606 - $133,152
休斯顿:$37,184 - $110,998
(均为个人年收入)
这四大城市的中产收入水平,相对而言也贴近全美中产收入水平(个人年收入3万至9万美元)。
加州湾区
8万年薪不算中产,31万还是中产
加州湾区(The Bay Area)是加州北部的海湾区域,主要包括三藩市(San Francisco)、圣何塞(San Jose)、弗瑞蒙(Fremont)等城市。作为硅谷所在地,湾区高科技公司云集,职工年薪高,不过当地消费水平,特别是房价也高。
加州湾区主要包括三藩市、圣何塞、弗瑞蒙
全美中产阶级门槛最高的前15大城市
在湾区,年薪8.2万是中产阶级的最低门槛,年薪高达25万乃至31万,还算中产阶级。
在全美中产阶级门槛最高的城市前五名,三都是加州湾区城市。其中弗瑞蒙(Fremont)位居全美最高,该市居民家庭年收入的中位数约15.6万,中产阶级的最低年收入为$104,499,中产最高上限为$311,936。
中西部城市
中产门槛普遍较低
在全美前100大城市中,中产阶级门槛最低的是俄亥俄州的克利夫兰市(Cleveland, OH),个人年收入超过$23,827即可跻身中产。看起来克利夫兰是全美“性价比”最高的城市。
美国中产阶级门槛最低的20个城市
在中产阶级门槛最低的全美十大城市中,中西部地区占据半壁江山,除了克利夫兰外,还包括底特律(Detroit,MI),辛辛那提(Cincinnati, OH),托来多(Toledo, OH),密沃基(Milwaukee, WI)。
全美50州
东海岸最高,南部最低
以州为单位统计,东海岸地区的中产门槛最高。全美中产阶级收入门槛最高的前五名,全部位于东北海岸,分别为:马里兰州、华盛顿特区、麻省、新泽西、新汉姆夏尔(New Hampshire)。在这前五名州,年收入得6万美元才算中产。
全美各州中产阶级收入门槛对比,颜色越深
在中产门槛最低五个州,四个位于南部,分别为密西西比、路易斯安那、阿肯色、阿拉巴马州。其中,密西西比州全美门槛最低,年收入达到$32,640即可步入中产阶级。
伊利诺伊州的中产阶级收入范围为(最低$48,377,最高$144,410)在全美属于偏高范围。
何为中产阶级?
不同科研机构对中产阶级有着不同的定义。皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)对中产的定义为全美居民收入中位数的67%到200%。
布鲁金斯学院(Brookings Institution)的定义为:美国居民收入20%至80%。Urban Institute的定义则为联邦贫困线的150%至500%。
SmartAsset公布的“2023全美大城市中产阶级收入”研究报告,是以皮尤中心的定义为准,为个人年收入。如果考虑家庭成员,中产门槛会相应升高。
全美范围的中产阶级收入范围
即使调整了生活成本差异后,东北部地区的工资仍然比南部地区高出20%左右。排名靠前的东北部各州生活成本比排名靠后的南部各州高出约50%,但中产阶级的资薪水平高出约70%。
纽约NYC的中产阶级收入跟不上生活成本。虽然旧金山和西雅图等城市的生活成本与中产阶级收入密切相关,但纽约客的工资水平却落后了;纽约市的工资水平在调查的城市中处于中等水平,但皇后区、布鲁克林和曼哈顿的成活成本分别比全美平均水平高出43%、70%和138%。
科技城市的中产阶级门槛最高。中产阶级收入门槛最高的前五名城市中,有三个位于加州旧金山湾区。
在这个加州城市年薪31万美元,依然属于中产。按统计标准来说,在加州Fremont年收入$311,936仍被视为中产,这是研究中所有城市的中产天花板,当地的家庭收入中位数比第二高城市高出近$30,000。这座湾区城市拥有近23万居民,其中近十分之一在特斯拉工作。
美国100大城市中产阶级标准 | ||||
排名 | 城市 | 中产收入下限 | 家庭收入中位数 | 中产收入上限 |
1 | Fremont, CA | $104,499 | $155,968 | $311,936 |
2 | San Jose, CA | $84,673 | $126,377 | $252,754 |
3 | Arlington, VA | $84,186 | $125,651 | $251,302 |
4 | San Francisco, CA | $81,623 | $121,826 | $243,652 |
5 | Seattle, WA | $74,223 | $110,781 | $221,562 |
6 | Irvine, CA | $70,869 | $105,774 | $211,548 |
7 | Gilbert, AZ | $70,217 | $104,802 | $209,604 |
8 | Scottsdale, AZ | $66,395 | $99,097 | $198,194 |
9 | Plano, TX | $63,651 | $95,002 | $190,004 |
10 | Chandler, AZ | $63,391 | $94,613 | $189,226 |
11 | San Diego, CA | $62,338 | $93,042 | $186,084 |
12 | Chula Vista, CA | $61,606 | $91,949 | $183,898 |
13 | Washington, DC | $60,359 | $90,088 | $180,176 |
14 | Chesapeake, VA | $59,506 | $88,815 | $177,630 |
15 | Anchorage, AK | $58,058 | $86,654 | $173,308 |
16 | Enterprise, NV | $56,884 | $84,902 | $169,804 |
17 | Oakland, CA | $55,098 | $82,236 | $164,472 |
18 | Jersey City, NJ | $54,912 | $81,958 | $163,916 |
19 | Anaheim, CA | $54,770 | $81,747 | $163,494 |
20 | Virginia Beach, VA | $54,695 | $81,634 | $163,268 |
21 | Denver, CO | $54,692 | $81,630 | $163,260 |
22 | Santa Ana, CA | $53,778 | $80,265 | $160,530 |
23 | Austin, TX | $53,293 | $79,542 | $159,084 |
24 | Boston, MA | $53,120 | $79,283 | $158,566 |
25 | Portland, OR | $52,968 | $79,057 | $158,114 |
26 | Henderson, NV | $52,209 | $77,924 | $155,848 |
27 | Riverside, CA | $51,294 | $76,558 | $153,116 |
28 | Sacramento, CA | $50,458 | $75,311 | $150,622 |
29 | Raleigh, NC | $49,990 | $74,612 | $149,224 |
30 | Colorado Springs, CO | $49,968 | $74,579 | $149,158 |
31 | Atlanta, GA | $49,652 | $74,107 | $148,214 |
32 | Long Beach, CA | $49,516 | $73,905 | $147,810 |
33 | Urban Honolulu, HI | $49,201 | $73,434 | $146,868 |
34 | Aurora, CO | $48,003 | $71,647 | $143,294 |
35 | Durham, NC | $47,800 | $71,343 | $142,686 |
36 | Charlotte, NC | $47,482 | $70,869 | $141,738 |
37 | Los Angeles, CA | $47,149 | $70,372 | $140,744 |
38 | Irving, TX | $47,128 | $70,340 | $140,680 |
39 | Boise, ID | $47,045 | $70,217 | $140,434 |
40 | Stockton, CA | $46,795 | $69,844 | $139,688 |
41 | Minneapolis, MN | $46,496 | $69,397 | $138,794 |
42 | Mesa, AZ | $46,408 | $69,266 | $138,532 |
43 | Phoenix, AZ | $45,851 | $68,435 | $136,870 |
44 | Fort Worth, TX | $45,717 | $68,235 | $136,470 |
45 | New York, NY | $45,558 | $67,997 | $135,994 |
46 | Reno, NV | $45,210 | $67,478 | $134,956 |
47 | Madison, WI | $45,071 | $67,270 | $134,540 |
48 | North Las Vegas, NV | $44,913 | $67,035 | $134,070 |
49 | Bakersfield, CA | $44,666 | $66,666 | $133,332 |
50 | Chicago, IL | $44,606 | $66,576 | $133,152 |
51 | St. Paul, MN | $44,286 | $66,098 | $132,196 |
52 | Nashville, TN | $43,454 | $64,857 | $129,714 |
53 | St. Petersburg, FL | $42,974 | $64,141 | $128,282 |
54 | Tampa, FL | $42,481 | $63,404 | $126,808 |
55 | Kansas City, MO | $42,475 | $63,396 | $126,792 |
56 | Omaha, NE | $42,175 | $62,948 | $125,896 |
57 | Glendale, AZ | $42,150 | $62,910 | $125,820 |
58 | Lincoln, NE | $41,737 | $62,294 | $124,588 |
59 | Garland, TX | $41,277 | $61,607 | $123,214 |
60 | Fresno, CA | $41,038 | $61,250 | $122,500 |
61 | Lexington, KY | $40,831 | $60,942 | $121,884 |
62 | Arlington, TX | $40,126 | $59,889 | $119,778 |
63 | Corpus Christi, TX | $40,074 | $59,812 | $119,624 |
64 | Las Vegas, NV | $40,030 | $59,746 | $119,492 |
65 | Oklahoma City, OK | $39,673 | $59,214 | $118,428 |
66 | Spokane, WA | $39,338 | $58,714 | $117,428 |
67 | Jacksonville, FL | $39,276 | $58,621 | $117,242 |
68 | Norfolk, VA | $39,256 | $58,591 | $117,182 |
69 | Albuquerque, NM | $39,203 | $58,512 | $117,024 |
70 | Indianapolis, IN | $39,181 | $58,479 | $116,958 |
71 | Columbus, OH | $38,995 | $58,202 | $116,404 |
72 | Dallas, TX | $38,857 | $57,995 | $115,990 |
73 | Pittsburgh, PA | $38,740 | $57,821 | $115,642 |
74 | Louisville, KY | $38,312 | $57,182 | $114,364 |
75 | Wichita, KS | $37,716 | $56,293 | $112,586 |
76 | Houston, TX | $37,184 | $55,499 | $110,998 |
77 | San Antonio, TX | $36,798 | $54,923 | $109,846 |
78 | Lubbock, TX | $36,680 | $54,747 | $109,494 |
79 | Fort Wayne, IN | $36,674 | $54,737 | $109,474 |
80 | Baltimore, MD | $36,617 | $54,652 | $109,304 |
81 | Winston-Salem, NC | $36,333 | $54,228 | $108,456 |
82 | Orlando, FL | $36,292 | $54,167 | $108,334 |
83 | Philadelphia, PA | $35,442 | $52,899 | $105,798 |
84 | Laredo, TX | $35,133 | $52,438 | $104,876 |
85 | Greensboro, NC | $34,723 | $51,825 | $103,650 |
86 | Richmond, VA | $34,686 | $51,770 | $103,540 |
87 | El Paso, TX | $34,331 | $51,241 | $102,482 |
88 | Tulsa, OK | $34,175 | $51,008 | $102,016 |
89 | Tucson, AZ | $33,705 | $50,306 | $100,612 |
90 | St. Louis, MO | $33,477 | $49,965 | $99,930 |
91 | Miami, FL | $32,689 | $48,789 | $97,578 |
92 | New Orleans, LA | $31,451 | $46,942 | $93,884 |
93 | Milwaukee, WI | $31,247 | $46,637 | $93,274 |
94 | Memphis, TN | $29,692 | $44,317 | $88,634 |
95 | Toledo, OH | $29,581 | $44,150 | $88,300 |
96 | Newark, NJ | $28,972 | $43,242 | $86,484 |
97 | Cincinnati, OH | $28,631 | $42,733 | $85,466 |
98 | Buffalo, NY | $27,248 | $40,669 | $81,338 |
99 | Detroit, MI | $24,214 | $36,140 | $72,280 |
100 | Cleveland, OH | $23,827 | $35,562 | $71,124 |
美国各州中产阶级标准收入 | ||||
排名 | 州 | 中产收入下限 | 家庭收入中位数 | 中产收入上限 |
1 | Maryland | $60,436 | $90,203 | $180,406 |
2 | District Of Columbia | $60,359 | $90,088 | $180,176 |
3 | Massachusetts | $60,062 | $89,645 | $179,290 |
4 | New Jersey | $59,828 | $89,296 | $178,592 |
5 | New Hampshire | $59,272 | $88,465 | $176,930 |
6 | California | $56,888 | $84,907 | $169,814 |
7 | Hawaii | $56,854 | $84,857 | $169,714 |
8 | Washington | $56,445 | $84,247 | $168,494 |
9 | Connecticut | $56,127 | $83,771 | $167,542 |
10 | Colorado | $55,110 | $82,254 | $164,508 |
11 | Virginia | $54,245 | $80,963 | $161,926 |
12 | Utah | $53,231 | $79,449 | $158,898 |
13 | Alaska | $52,156 | $77,845 | $155,690 |
14 | Minnesota | $52,072 | $77,720 | $155,440 |
15 | New York | $49,790 | $74,314 | $148,628 |
16 | Rhode Island | $49,585 | $74,008 | $148,016 |
17 | Vermont | $48,529 | $72,431 | $144,862 |
18 | Illinois | $48,377 | $72,205 | $144,410 |
19 | Oregon | $47,947 | $71,562 | $143,124 |
20 | Delaware | $47,631 | $71,091 | $142,182 |
21 | Arizona | $46,268 | $69,056 | $138,112 |
22 | Pennsylvania | $46,201 | $68,957 | $137,914 |
23 | Wisconsin | $44,974 | $67,125 | $134,250 |
24 | Texas | $44,865 | $66,963 | $133,926 |
25 | Nebraska | $44,767 | $66,817 | $133,634 |
26 | Georgia | $44,595 | $66,559 | $133,118 |
27 | North Dakota | $44,568 | $66,519 | $133,038 |
28 | Idaho | $44,538 | $66,474 | $132,948 |
29 | Nevada | $44,404 | $66,274 | $132,548 |
30 | South Dakota | $44,316 | $66,143 | $132,286 |
31 | Iowa | $43,952 | $65,600 | $131,200 |
32 | Wyoming | $43,687 | $65,204 | $130,408 |
33 | Maine | $43,394 | $64,767 | $129,534 |
34 | Kansas | $42,963 | $64,124 | $128,248 |
35 | Michigan | $42,544 | $63,498 | $126,996 |
36 | Montana | $42,377 | $63,249 | $126,498 |
37 | Florida | $42,252 | $63,062 | $126,124 |
38 | Indiana | $42,038 | $62,743 | $125,486 |
39 | Ohio | $41,716 | $62,262 | $124,524 |
40 | North Carolina | $41,521 | $61,972 | $123,944 |
41 | Missouri | $41,437 | $61,847 | $123,694 |
42 | Tennessee | $39,996 | $59,695 | $119,390 |
43 | South Carolina | $39,743 | $59,318 | $118,636 |
44 | Oklahoma | $37,403 | $55,826 | $111,652 |
45 | Kentucky | $37,234 | $55,573 | $111,146 |
46 | New Mexico | $36,175 | $53,992 | $107,984 |
47 | Alabama | $36,122 | $53,913 | $107,826 |
48 | Arkansas | $35,194 | $52,528 | $105,056 |
49 | Louisiana | $34,898 | $52,087 | $104,174 |
50 | West Virginia | $34,336 | $51,248 | $102,496 |
51 | Mississippi | $32,640 | $48,716 | $97,432 |